The TOEFL (Test of English as a Foreign Language) exam consists of four sections: Reading, Listening, Speaking, and Writing. Here's a brief overview of each section:

1. Reading: This section evaluates your ability to understand and analyze written passages. You'll be given 3-4 academic texts and asked questions to assess your comprehension, vocabulary, and inference skills. The duration of this section is approximately 60-80 minutes.

2. Listening: In the Listening section, you'll listen to recordings of academic lectures, conversations, and discussions. You'll then answer questions related to the audio content to assess your listening comprehension, note-taking, and inference skills. There are typically 4-6 lectures and 2-3 conversations, with each lasting around 3-5 minutes. The duration of this section is approximately 60-90 minutes.

3. Speaking: The Speaking section measures your ability to express your opinions and ideas in English. You'll complete a series of tasks that include describing familiar topics, summarizing information from a reading or listening passage, and expressing your opinion on a given topic. You'll be speaking into a microphone, and your responses will be recorded and evaluated. The Speaking section usually takes around 20 minutes.

4. Writing: In the Writing section, you'll be required to write essays based on given tasks. There are two tasks: an integrated task where you read a passage, listen to a recording, and then write a response; and an independent task where you write an essay expressing your opinion on a given topic. The duration of this section is approximately 50 minutes.

The overall duration of the TOEFL exam is around 3 hours. It is important to note that the TOEFL iBT (Internet-based Test) is the most commonly administered format, although a paper-based version is available in some locations where the internet-based test is not feasible.

For more detailed information on the TOEFL exam pattern and question types, it is recommended to visit the official ETS TOEFL website or consult official TOEFL preparation materials.